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Dog Breed

Maltese

Breed Overview

Breed Name: Maltese

Origin: Mediterranean Region (likely Malta)

Breed Group: Toy

Physical Characteristics

Size: Small

Height: Male: 7–9 inches (18–23 cm), Female: 7–9 inches (18–23 cm)

Weight: Malet: 4–7 lbs (1.8–3.2 kg), Female: 4–7 lbs (1.8–3.2 kg)

Coat Type: Long, silky, straight single coat

Coat Colors: Pure white

Grooming Needs: High (daily brushing and regular professional grooming)

Shedding: Low

Behavioral Traits

Temperament: Gentle, affectionate, playful, alert, charming

Intelligence Level: High

Energy Level: Moderate

Health Information

Lifespan: 12–15 years

Common Health Issues: Dental problems, patellar luxation, white shaker syndrome, collapsed trachea

Care

Nutrition Needs: High-quality small-breed diet; dental-friendly foods recommended

Exercise Needs: Moderate – enjoys short walks and indoor play

Space Requirements: Very adaptable; ideal for apartments or small homes

Noise Sensitivity: Moderate (may bark when alerting)

Socialization and Training

Socialization Needs: Moderate

Socialization Tips: Intelligent and eager to please; does well with positive, gentle training methods

Good with Children: Yes, friendly and sociable

Good with Other Dogs: Yes, friendly and sociable

Good with Other Pets: Yes, typically peaceful when introduced properly

Training: Intelligent and eager to please; does well with positive, gentle training methods

Description

The Maltese is a charming and elegant toy breed with roots in ancient Mediterranean societies, prized for their loving personality and luxurious white coat. These small but spirited dogs are playful, affectionate, and thrive on human companionship, making them ideal lapdogs and family pets.

Their fine, silky coat is low-shedding and considered hypoallergenic, but it needs daily brushing to avoid tangles if kept long, or regular trims for an easier-maintenance look. Maltese are very intelligent, respond well to positive reinforcement, and excel in trick training and dog sports like agility and obedience.

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History

Origin: The Maltese is an ancient dog breed with a history spanning thousands of years. Its exact origin is debated, with theories suggesting connections to Asia, the Swiss Alps, or the Mediterranean region. The breed is most commonly associated with the island of Malta, where it was developed as a companion dog. The Phoenicians, who colonized Malta around 1000 BCE, are believed to have introduced small white dogs to the island, which were later bred as companions for the local nobility.
Development: Historically, the Maltese was bred as a lap dog and companion, favored by royalty and nobility across Europe. The breed's popularity soared in the 1500s as it spread throughout Europe, becoming a status symbol among the wealthy. Initially, Maltese dogs came in various colors, but selective breeding led to the solid white coat that is characteristic today. The breed was refined further during the Victorian era through controlled breeding practices, resulting in the modern Maltese known today.
Recognition: The Maltese was officially recognized by kennel clubs in the late 19th century. It is classified as a toy breed by the American Kennel Club (AKC) and the United Kennel Club (UKC). The breed's recognition is tied to its distinctive appearance, with a silky, white coat and a compact body. Despite its long history, the modern Maltese is not directly linked to ancient breeds but was developed from existing varieties during the Victorian era.
Today, the Maltese is cherished as a companion dog, known for its affectionate nature and low-shedding coat. It thrives in urban environments due to its small size and minimal exercise needs. The breed requires regular grooming to maintain its long, silky coat. The Maltese is popular globally for its gentle personality and adaptability, making it a beloved pet for many families.

Ideal Owner

Singles, seniors, or families wanting a loving, elegant lap dog