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Dog Breed

Japanese Terrier

Breed Overview

Breed Name: Japanese Terrier

Origin: Japan

Breed Group: Terrier (AKC Foundation Stock Service)

Physical Characteristics

Size: Small

Height: Male: 10–13 inches (25–33 cm); Female: 10–13 inches (25–33 cm)

Weight: Male: 5–10 lbs (2.3–4.5 kg), Female: 5–10 lbs (2.3–4.5 kg)

Coat Type: Short, smooth, and fine

Coat Colors: Predominantly white body with a black, tan, or tricolor head

Grooming Needs: Low (occasional brushing)

Shedding: Low to Moderate

Behavioral Traits

Temperament: Lively, alert, affectionate, intelligent, cheerful

Intelligence Level: High

Energy Level: Moderate to High

Health Information

Lifespan: 12–15 years

Common Health Issues: Generally healthy; may be prone to dental issues due to small size

Care

Nutrition Needs: Balanced small-breed diet; watch portions and dental health

Exercise Needs: Moderate – daily walks and indoor play keep them satisfied

Space Requirements: Well-suited for apartments and small homes

Noise Sensitivity: Moderate (can be vocal when alerting)

Socialization and Training

Socialization Needs: High

Socialization Tips: Intelligent and eager to please; responds well to consistent, positive training

Good with Children: Yes, with proper introductions

Good with Other Dogs: Yes, with proper introductions

Good with Other Pets: Yes, typically friendly when socialized early

Training: Intelligent and eager to please; responds well to consistent, positive training

Description

The Japanese Terrier is a rare and lively toy-terrier breed, developed in Japan from Smooth Fox Terriers and local Japanese dogs. These small, sleek pups are known for their charming personality, agility, and devotion to their family. They’re alert and curious, often acting as both a loving lapdog and a spunky little watchdog.

Their short, smooth coat is very low-shedding and easy to groom—just a quick brushing now and then. Japanese Terriers are quick learners, but they can also be sensitive, so gentle, consistent training and early socialization are key to success.

History

Origin: The Japanese Terrier has its roots in the 17th century during the Edo period (1603-1868). It is believed to have originated from Smooth Fox Terriers brought by Dutch merchant ships to Nagasaki, Japan's only port open to Western trade at the time. These Fox Terriers were crossed with small native Japanese dogs, resulting in a small terrier-type offspring.
Development: By the late 19th and early 20th centuries, these early terriers were further developed in the Kobe area, where they became known as "Kobe Terriers." They were a mix of the modern Smooth Fox Terrier and the emerging Japanese Terrier. In the 1920s, planned breeding began, incorporating other breeds like the Toy Manchester Terrier and Toy Bull Terrier to refine the breed's characteristics.
Recognition: The Japanese Terrier was officially recognized by the Japan Kennel Club in 1930 and by the Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI). It is little known outside Japan but has gained recognition in some European countries since the 1990s.
Today, the Japanese Terrier remains a rare breed globally, with a small population of around 500-600 dogs worldwide. Efforts are ongoing to increase its numbers and popularity. The breed is cherished for its loyalty and affectionate personality, making it a suitable companion for active owners who can provide the necessary exercise and attention.

Ideal Owner

Singles, couples, or small families looking for a lively, compact companion