Guinea pigs are popular small pets due to their docile nature, expressive personalities, and relatively easy care. Here are some fun and interesting facts about these adorable creatures that might surprise you:
1. Not Pigs and Not from Guinea
Despite their name, guinea pigs are not pigs nor are they from Guinea. They are rodents originally from the Andes mountains in South America. Their name is believed to have derived from their pig-like squeaks and possibly because they were sold for a guinea (a form of British currency) when they were first brought to Europe.
2. They are Social Animals
Guinea pigs are highly social creatures. In the wild, they live in close-knit communities of 10 or more. They love company, so it’s often recommended to keep them in pairs or small groups to prevent loneliness. A solitary guinea pig can become very stressed and depressed.
3. Vocal Communicators
These animals communicate using a variety of sounds including wheeking (a loud noise used to express excitement or hunger), purring (which can denote contentment), and chirping (which is still not fully understood but is thought to be linked to stress or discomfort).
4. Rich Historical Pets
Guinea pigs were kept as pets in South American societies as far back as 5000 BC. They were also used in religious ceremonies and could even be found in the tombs of the social elite.
5. Surprising Dietary Needs
Guinea pigs are unable to synthesize their own vitamin C and must obtain it from their diet. This is similar to humans. Without enough vitamin C, guinea pigs can suffer from scurvy. Owners need to ensure their diet includes plenty of fresh fruits and vegetables rich in vitamin C.
6. They Can’t Sweat
Guinea pigs do not have the ability to sweat; therefore, it’s crucial to keep them in a cool environment during hot weather to prevent overheating.
7. Longer Lifespan Than Most Rodents
While many small rodents have short lifespans, guinea pigs typically live for 5 to 7 years, and some can even live up to 10 years with proper care.
8. Unique Births
Unlike other rodents, baby guinea pigs (called pups) are born highly developed. Pups come out with fur, eyes open, and the ability to run shortly after birth. They can start eating solid food within a few days but typically continue to nurse for several weeks.
9. A Variety of Coats
Guinea pigs come in several breeds which vary greatly in hair type and color. From the short-haired, smooth-coated American guinea pig to the long-haired Peruvian guinea pig, or even the curly-haired Rex, there’s incredible diversity in their appearances.
10. They’re Notoriously Picky
Guinea pigs are known for being selective eaters. They often pick out their favorite foods from a mix and leave the rest. It’s important to provide a balanced diet to ensure they get all necessary nutrients.