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Dog Breed

Brussels Griffon

Breed Overview

Breed Name: Brussels Griffon

Origin: Belgium

Breed Group: Toy

Physical Characteristics

Size: Small

Height: Male Height: 7–10 inches (18–25 cm), Female Height: 7–10 inches (18–25 cm)

Weight: Male Weight: 8–12 lbs (3.6–5.4 kg), Female Weight: 8–12 lbs (3.6–5.4 kg)

Coat Type: Smooth or Rough (wiry)

Coat Colors: Red, Black, Black & Tan, Beige (Belge)

Grooming Needs: Moderate to High (especially rough-coated variety)

Shedding: Low

Behavioral Traits

Temperament: Alert, sensitive, affectionate, curious, sometimes stubborn

Intelligence Level: High

Energy Level: Moderate

Health Information

Lifespan: 12–15 years

Common Health Issues: Eye problems, respiratory issues, hip dysplasia, patellar luxation

Care

Nutrition Needs: High-quality small-breed diet; avoid overfeeding due to small size

Exercise Needs: Daily walks and indoor play; mental stimulation is important

Space Requirements: Apartment suitable; thrives indoors with attention and companionship

Noise Sensitivity: High

Socialization and Training

Socialization Needs: High

Socialization Tips: Responds well to positive reinforcement; can be stubborn, so consistency is key

Good with Children: Yes, especially with proper socialization

Good with Other Dogs: Yes, especially with proper socialization

Good with Other Pets: Yes, but supervise with larger animals

Training: Responds well to positive reinforcement; can be stubborn, so consistency is key

Description

The Brussels Griffon is a tiny, expressive, and lively companion breed originally bred in Belgium to hunt rats in stables, later becoming a beloved lapdog. Known for their almost human-like expressions, they come in two coat types: Rough-coated (wire-haired): needs regular grooming and sheds very little and Smooth-coated (short-haired): easier to maintain but sheds a bit more They are affectionate, alert, and social, making them great for apartment living. With medium energy levels, they enjoy daily walks and playtime, and their intelligence makes training fun, though they can show a bit of terrier-like stubbornness

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History

The Brussels Griffon, also known as the Griffon Bruxellois, is a small toy dog breed originating from Brussels, Belgium. Its history dates back to the 15th century, with early ancestors being small, rough-coated terrier-like dogs used for controlling rodents in stables.

Key Points

Origins: The breed developed from the Smousje, a rough-coated dog depicted in Jan van Eyck's painting The Arnolfini Portrait (1434). These early dogs were crossed with other breeds like the Pug and English Toy Spaniel in the 19th century to create the modern Brussels Griffon.
Development: Coachmen in Brussels kept these dogs, known as Griffons d'Ecurie, to hunt rats. By the late 1800s, breeders refined the breed, creating a smaller, more human-like face and distinctive beard.
Historical Use: Initially used as ratters, Brussels Griffons became popular companions among the Belgian nobility, particularly Queen Marie Henriette, who helped popularize the breed.
Recognition: The breed was first registered in Belgium in 1883 and gained international recognition by the late 19th century. The American Kennel Club (AKC) recognized the Brussels Griffon in 1910.
Today, Brussels Griffons are cherished for their playful, affectionate nature and are often referred to as "Velcro dogs" due to their strong attachment to their owners.

Ideal Owner

Attentive individuals or families looking for a close companion; great for city living

Similar Breeds

Affenpinscher, Pug, Cavalier King Charles Spaniel, Papillon, Yorkshire Terrier