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Dog Breed

Chow Chow

Breed Overview

Breed Name: Chow Chow

Origin: China

Breed Group: Non-Sporting

Physical Characteristics

Size: Medium to Large

Height: Male Height: 18–20 inches (46–51 cm), Female Height: 17–19 inches (43–48 cm)

Weight: Male Weight: 55–70 lbs (25–32 kg), Female Weight: 45–60 lbs (20–27 kg)

Coat Type: Dense double coat; can be rough (long) or smooth (short)

Coat Colors: Red, Black, Blue, Cinnamon, Cream

Grooming Needs: Moderate to High (especially for rough coat)

Shedding: High

Behavioral Traits

Temperament: Independent, aloof, loyal, dignified, calm

Intelligence Level: Moderate

Energy Level: Low to Moderate

Health Information

Lifespan: 8–12 years

Common Health Issues: Hip dysplasia, entropion, thyroid disorders, bloat, heat sensitivity

Care

Nutrition Needs: High-quality, well-balanced diet; prone to weight gain and food sensitivities

Exercise Needs: Moderate – daily walks and light play; not overly active

Space Requirements: Adaptable to homes or apartments with regular exercise

Noise Sensitivity: Low

Socialization and Training

Socialization Needs: High

Socialization Tips: Can be stubborn—requires patient, consistent training from an experienced owner

Good with Children: No, can be territorial and dominant

Good with Other Dogs: No, can be territorial and dominant

Good with Other Pets: No, strong-willed and may not tolerate smaller animals

Training: Can be stubborn—requires patient, consistent training from an experienced owner

Description

The Chow Chow is a dignified, lion-like breed from ancient China, originally used for guarding, hunting, and pulling carts. Known for their fluffy coat, scowling expression, and blue-black tongue, Chows are aloof with strangers but loyal to their family. They’re highly independent, sometimes described as cat-like, and not always eager to please—so training requires patience and consistency. Their dense double coat, whether rough or smooth, sheds heavily, especially during seasonal changes, and needs frequent grooming. Despite their powerful build, they have moderate exercise needs and enjoy a calm, predictable environment.

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History

The Chow Chow is an ancient and unique breed originating from Northern China, with a history that dates back over 2,000 years. It is one of the oldest dog breeds, believed to have been developed from indigenous Chinese dogs and used for various purposes, including hunting, guarding, sledding, and even as a food source.

Key Points

Ancient Origins: The breed's roots trace back to the Han Dynasty (206 BCE–220 CE), where it was depicted in pottery and sculptures. The Chow Chow is considered a "basal breed," meaning it predates most modern dog breeds and has close genetic ties to wolves.
Development: Historically, Chow Chows were used for hunting large game like wolves and leopards, guarding property and temples, hauling goods, and even pulling sleds. Their dense fur was used for warmth in cold climates.
Cultural Significance: During the Tang Dynasty (618–906 CE), the breed gained immense popularity. One emperor reportedly kept 5,000 Chows for hunting and sport. They were also known as "Tang Quan," or "Dog of the Tang Empire".
Introduction to the West: English sailors brought the breed to Britain in the 18th century, where it was initially displayed in zoos as an exotic curiosity. By the late 19th century, it became popular as a companion dog among British aristocracy. The American Kennel Club (AKC) recognized the breed in 1903.
Today, the Chow Chow is primarily kept as a companion dog but retains its guarding instincts. It is cherished for its regal appearance and dignified demeanor. While it requires regular grooming due to its dense coat, its cat-like cleanliness makes it relatively low-maintenance in other aspects.

Ideal Owner

Confident, calm handlers who appreciate an independent, quiet companion