Image Source: Canva

Dog Breed

Cirneco dell’Etna

Breed Overview

Breed Name: Cirneco dell’Etna

Origin: Italy (Sicily)

Breed Group: Hound

Physical Characteristics

Size: Small to Medium

Height: Male Height: 18–20 inches (46–50 cm), Female Height: 16.5–18 inches (42–46 cm)

Weight: Male Weight: 22–26 lbs (10–12 kg), Female Weight: 17–22 lbs (8–10 kg)

Coat Type: Short, fine, sleek

Coat Colors: Light to dark tan, sometimes with white markings on chest or feet

Grooming Needs: Low

Shedding: Low to Moderate

Behavioral Traits

Temperament: Alert, gentle, independent, affectionate, playful

Intelligence Level: High

Energy Level: High

Health Information

Lifespan: 12–14 years

Common Health Issues: Generally healthy; some may be prone to allergies or ear infections

Care

Nutrition Needs: Balanced, high-quality small-breed diet; monitor weight due to lean frame

Exercise Needs: High – needs daily physical activity, running space, and mental stimulation

Space Requirements: Best with yard access but can adapt to apartments with proper exercise

Noise Sensitivity: Moderate

Socialization and Training

Socialization Needs: Moderate to High

Socialization Tips: Intelligent and quick to learn, but independent—positive, consistent training is key

Good with Children: Yes, generally sociable

Good with Other Dogs: Yes, generally sociable

Good with Other Pets: No, strong prey drive may cause issues with small animals

Training: Intelligent and quick to learn, but independent—positive, consistent training is key

Description

The Cirneco dell’Etna is a sleek, agile, and ancient sighthound breed from Sicily, named after Mount Etna where it was used to hunt rabbits and small game across rocky terrain. These dogs are friendly and affectionate, yet alert and independent, with a strong prey drive. Their short-haired coat is easy to care for, with minimal shedding, though they may need extra warmth in colder climates. Training can be moderately challenging, as they’re smart and sensitive, but may also be willful—so gentle, positive reinforcement works best. They thrive on daily exercise, exploration, and interactive play.

History

The Cirneco dell’Etna is an ancient breed of hunting dog originating from Sicily, particularly the region surrounding Mount Etna. Its history dates back thousands of years, with its ancestors believed to have been brought to the Mediterranean by Phoenician traders around 500 BCE. The breed has been shaped by natural selection, adapting to Sicily's rugged volcanic terrain and hot climate.

Key Points

Origins: The name "Cirneco" derives from the Greek word kyrenaikos, meaning "dog from Cyrene" (modern-day Libya), while "dell’Etna" refers to Mount Etna, Europe’s largest active volcano. The breed's ancestors likely came from North Africa and were later adapted for hunting small game in Sicily.
Historical Use: The Cirneco was primarily used to hunt rabbits, partridges, and other small game. Its agility and endurance made it ideal for navigating rocky terrain and steep volcanic landscapes. It is depicted on ancient Sicilian coins and mosaics, highlighting its cultural significance.
Revival: By the early 20th century, the breed was near extinction. In the 1930s, Agata Paternó Castello, a Sicilian noblewoman, revived the breed by breeding dogs from Mount Etna's rural areas. The breed was officially recognized in Italy in 1939 and by the Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI) in 1956.
Modern Recognition: The Cirneco dell’Etna was recognized by the American Kennel Club (AKC) in 2015. Despite its rich history, it remains a rare breed outside Italy.
Today, the Cirneco dell’Etna is valued as both a hunting dog and a family companion. It excels in activities like agility and lure coursing but also makes a loving pet for active households. While rare outside its native Sicily, the breed continues to gain recognition for its unique history, striking appearance, and endearing personality.

Ideal Owner

Active individuals or families who enjoy the outdoors and can provide mental and physical stimulation