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Dog Breed

Golden Retriever

Breed Overview

Breed Name: Golden Retriever

Origin: Scotland

Breed Group: Sporting

Physical Characteristics

Size: Medium to Large

Height: Males: 23–24 inches (58–61 cm), Females: 21.5–22.5 inches (55–57 cm)

Weight: Males: 65–75 lbs (29–34 kg), Females: 55–65 lbs (25–29 kg)

Coat Type: Medium-length, dense, water-repellent double coat

Coat Colors: Various shades of gold, from light to dark

Grooming Needs: Moderate to High

Shedding: High (year-round, with seasonal blowouts)

Behavioral Traits

Temperament: Friendly, affectionate, intelligent, eager to please

Intelligence Level: Very High

Energy Level: High

Health Information

Lifespan: 10–12 years

Common Health Issues: Hip and elbow dysplasia, cancer, heart disease, progressive retinal atrophy (PRA)

Care

Nutrition Needs: Balanced diet with joint-supporting nutrients; portion control to prevent obesity

Exercise Needs: At least 1–2 hours daily; enjoys running, swimming, and retrieving games

Space Requirements: Adaptable; thrives in homes with yards but can live in apartments with enough exercise

Noise Sensitivity: Moderate

Socialization and Training

Socialization Needs: High

Socialization Tips: Highly trainable, eager to please, excels in obedience and service work

Good with Children: Yes, very social

Good with Other Dogs: Yes, very social

Good with Other Pets: Yes, generally friendly with all animals

Training: Highly trainable, eager to please, excels in obedience and service work

Description

The Golden Retriever is a friendly, intelligent, and affectionate breed, making it one of the most popular family dogs. Originally bred for retrieving game in hunting, they are now widely used as service dogs, therapy dogs, and search-and-rescue dogs due to their gentle and obedient nature. Their long-haired, double coat sheds heavily year-round, with seasonal peaks, requiring regular grooming. Training is easy, as they are eager to please and highly intelligent, but their high energy levels mean they need daily exercise and mental stimulation.

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History

1864: Lord Tweedmouth acquired Nous, a rare yellow Flat-Coated Retriever, from a cobbler in Brighton.
1868: The first litter of Golden Retrievers was born from the mating of Nous and Belle.
Late 1800s to Early 1900s: Lord Tweedmouth continued to refine the breed by introducing bloodlines from Irish Setters, Bloodhounds, and other Tweed Water Spaniels.
1908: The first Golden Retrievers were exhibited at dog shows, though they were not yet recognized as a distinct breed.
1913: The Kennel Club recognized the breed as "Retriever (Golden and Yellow)".
1920: The breed was officially named the Golden Retriever.
Today, Golden Retrievers are renowned for their friendly nature, intelligence, and versatility as both family pets and working dogs.

Ideal Owner

Families, active individuals, first-time dog owners