Image Source: AI Image Generator

Dog Breed

Tornjak

Breed Overview

Breed Name: Tornjak

Origin: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia

Breed Group: Working (AKC Foundation Stock Service)

Physical Characteristics

Size: Large

Height: Male: 25.5–27.5 inches (65–70 cm), Female: 23.5–25.5 inches (60–65 cm)

Weight: Male: 77–110 lbs (35–50 kg), Female: 62–88 lbs (28–40 kg)

Coat Type: Long, dense, and straight with a thick undercoat

Coat Colors: White base with black, gray, brown, or yellow markings; often piebald or patched

Grooming Needs: Moderate (weekly brushing; more during shedding seasons)

Shedding: Moderate to High

Behavioral Traits

Temperament: Calm, gentle, protective, loyal, intelligent

Intelligence Level: High

Energy Level: Moderate

Health Information

Lifespan: 12–14 years

Common Health Issues: Generally healthy; possible hip dysplasia

Care

Nutrition Needs: High-quality large-breed diet; monitor weight to avoid joint strain

Exercise Needs: Moderate – enjoys walks, open space, and having a job

Space Requirements: Best with a yard or rural environment; not suited for apartments

Noise Sensitivity: Low (calm and steady, will bark to alert)

Socialization and Training

Socialization Needs: High

Socialization Tips: Intelligent and eager to please but independent—responds best to positive, firm, consistent methods

Good with Children: Yes, especially with proper socialization

Good with Other Dogs: Yes, especially with proper socialization

Good with Other Pets: Yes, if raised together and properly trained

Training: Intelligent and eager to please but independent—responds best to positive, firm, consistent methods

Description

The Tornjak is a majestic and ancient livestock guardian dog from the mountains of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia, bred to guard flocks against predators and withstand harsh conditions. Calm and affectionate with their family, Tornjaks are also naturally protective, courageous, and territorial.

Their long, thick coat provides excellent insulation but sheds heavily, especially during seasonal coat changes. Regular brushing 2–3 times a week helps control shedding and prevents mats. Though highly intelligent, Tornjaks are independent by nature, so training should be consistent, respectful, and started early.

AI Image Generator

History

Ideal Owner

Experienced owners with space, looking for a calm, loyal, and capable livestock guardian

Similar Breeds

Sarplaninac, Anatolian Shepherd, Great Pyrenees, Caucasian Shepherd Dog